Chilean truckers said on Wednesday they would lift a seven-day strike that has damaged supply chains and raised fears for food and commodities exports, following a deal with government. In 1971 and 1972 miners went on strike eighty-five times. The first detailed report on the economic consequences of the walkout said that agriculture was seriously threatened, industry had slowed and supplies of commodities had reached a crucial point.. Aysen suffered a lot during the last strike, he said. Preface; Sources; Abbreviations and Terms; Persons; Note on U . The intelligence reports coming to us were frightening. Within an hour, hundreds of rigs came to a halt on I-80. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. Anyone can read what you share. Trucking, he insists, must be private because it depends on individual hard work. As other truckers stopped to help Edwards, he broadcast via CB that he was blocking the interstate to protest high gas prices, limited fuel supply and the proposed speed limit. With the decline in world copper prices and copper as Chile's major export, earnings from exports s . Strikes in sympathy with the truckers have already begun. A number of sources further told The Times that Mr. Colby, contrary to many published accounts, had fully briefed two Congressional subcommittees about the intelligence agency's financing of union and trade groups during the Allende regime. SANTIAGO, Chile, Aug. 17The 23day truckers' strike has had "catastrophic" repercussions on Chile's already ailing economy, the Government said today. 0.19 4. What were they living on if they were not working? she asked. Among those heavily subsidized, the sources said, were the organizers of a nationwide truck strike that lasted 26 days in the fall of 1972, seriously disrupting Chile's economy and provoking the first of a series of labor crises for President Allende. (Studio) In Santiago, Chile, President Salvador Allende says Chile terrified since Chile's truck drivers' strike began against Chile's socialist government Much violence; many deaths. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. He figured out pretty quickly he was in over his head.. Was fuel protest like Chile 1973? SANTIAGO, Chile, Aug. 17The 23day truckers strike has had catastrophic repercussions on Chile's already ailing economy, the Government said today. He often works 18 hours a day on the difficult 1,500mile haul from Coihaique to Santiago. "There is practically no Chilean cargo that can leave or with the loads that should be leaving," said Carlos Mondaca, a spokesman for San Antonio port, one of the country's two largest. SANTIAGO, Aug 24 (Reuters) - Truckdrivers in Chile late on Sunday called for a countrywide strike to begin Thursday if President Sebastian Pinera and Congress do not act immediately to stem a . Police became bears: Smokey bears for state troopers who wore campaign hats like Smokey the Bear, bears in the air for police helicopters. Events in the year 1973 in Chile Incumbents. The sources noted that a request from the truckers union for more C.I.A. When they were refused admittance, they began singing, We want solutions, not repression, and Chile is and will be a country of liberty.. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. A strike has kept them off the streets for three days. He says it is the work of ultras, of the right or the left, opposed to any political settlement or trying to give a bad image to the truckers., What we're trying to do is to convince the Government that the majority of Chileans do not want to be Marxists and to put pressure on Allende to change his course, Mr. Chible said, adding, But I don't think the Government can change because it is Marxist and Marxists don't change.. They had to be financed from outside.. This warning was interpreted to mean that the truckers would be arrested and their vehicles confiscated. For the first time, government began to recognize small, independent truckers as a force. The trucker acknowledges that last fall's strike and the present stoppage have hurt, people and damaged the country's economy. Most, but not all, obeyed. Allende regime, frequently reported to Mr. Kissinger, then former President Nixon's national security adviser, through confidential channels, the sources said. Worse still, the federal government was considering a national maximum speed limit of 55 m.p.h. socialist president in world history. Posted by 6 minutes ago. We were not looking for a military takeover, he declared. If we give it to A, and then A gives it to B and C and D, the official said, in a sense it's true that D got it but the question isdid we give it to A knowing that D would get it?. 3 Min Read. On January 31, 1974, commerce ground to a halt as the independents garaged their rigs and blockaded roads. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. What we really were doing was supporting a civilian resistance movement against an arbitrary Government. He says there is a strong spirit of solidarity in the National Confederation of Truck Owners. All Rights Reserved. One trucker stated, If a man is going to be broke, he might as well go broke sitting still. Others, with handles like Flying Dutchman and Captain Zag, soon joined in. By Marvine Howe Special to The New York Times. Henry Groskinsky/The LIFE Images Collection/Getty Images. [93] By December 4, more than 10 states saw demonstrations by angry drivers who demanded to be heard by the federal governmentand werent afraid to hold up their deliveries to do so. Posted September 27, 2020. See the article in its original context from. The trip takes five to six days with a stretch of about 750 miles passing through Argentina because there is no road on the Chilean side. He also called on all free men of Chile and all professional associations to show their solidarity by going on strike at midnight tonight. activities in Chile was used in 1972 and 1973 to provide strike benefits and other means of support for antiAllende strikers and workers. Project Cybersyn was a Chilean project from 1971 to 1973 during the presidency of Salvador Allende aimed at constructing a distributed decision support system to aid in the management of the national economy. Losses. . At 10:00 p.m. on December 3, 1973, a 37-year old trucker from Overland Park, Kansas named J.W. If these industries have to close, 356,000 workers will be thrown off the job, the report said. Members; 17.8k Gender: Male; Location: Western Pa; . One quipped that he didnt think Congress would act until those people run out of toilet paper.. An upsurge of attacks have included theft of their vehicles and cargoes, burning of the freighter trucks as well as increased activism from members of Chile's Mapuche indigenous group, who are protesting widespread development in areas where they claim historical rights. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. By Seymour M. Hersh Special to The New York Times. One concern, he said, was that intervention would serve to polarize further the classes in Chile. The strike is professional, for spare parts and equipment, but what we're really fighting for is our independencewe don't want Marxism in Chile, Mr. Chible said here today in an interview before taking off for home in the city of Coihaique. What he blames President Allende for most is the country's uncontrolled inflation, expected to reach a rate of 300 per cent this year, the highest in the world. One obstacle to a truce is the fiery Under Secretary of Transport, Jaime Faivovich, who has led two police raids on truckers camps to confiscate their trucks. Joseph A. Williams is the author ofSunken Gold: A Story of World War I, Espionage and the Greatest Treasure Salvage in Historyand Seventeen Fathoms Deep: The Saga of the Submarine S-4 Disaster. A party spokesman, Eduardo Cerda, expressed solidarity with the strikers, many of whom are Christian Democrats. Edwards stopped his rig suddenly in the middle of Interstate I-80 near Blakeslee, Pennsylvania and picked up his CB radio microphone. This is a political strike aimed at overthrowing the Government, with the help of imperialism, said Gonzalo Martner, Minister of National Planning and one of the chief policy makers for President Salvador Allende Gossens's socialist Government. And if Allende decided to bear down and destroy the middle class, the official added, some of us thought it might result in dictatorship of the left or the rightand that wasn't such a good idea.. The unofficial exchange rate, sources said, was as much as 800 per cent higher than the official rate, indicating that the C.I.A. Although direct contact was eliminated, the sources said, the agency continued to maintain a liaison role for intelligence purposes. See the article in its original context from. SV and GV Police firing tear gas (6 shots) and trucks driving down road. a reliable source said, about getting involved with people who were shorterterm people than we were.. Meanwhile, the effects of the 11day walkout by the nation's 45,000 truck owners began to mount as food stocks were left rotting in ports and warehouses. At times they grew violent, dropping bricks off overpasses onto moving rigs. There is no official estimate of the losses caused by the walkout but reliable sources put them at about $100million half of the $200million that last October's month long strikes were officially said to have cost. Many homes, hit by severe winter weather, were without heat. The only way out of the impasse that he could see would be the participation of the military in the Cabinet. He concedes that his personal standard of living has not dropped since President Allende came to power in 1970, because he works harder and can count on the salary of his wife, a teacher, during the strikes. Chile's independent truckers disliked talk of socialized trucking. At one point in the spring, the sources said, the agency did formally break its direct relations with the Chilean military, which was known to be plotting against President Allende. Chile / Truck Drivers' Strike #472097. . In the last decade, Chile has seen an increase in violence, with arson attacks on farms, machinery, and trucks in the regions of Biobo and La Araucana, 600 km south of Santiago, home to the. Direct subsidies, the sources said, also were provided for a strike of middleclass shopkeepers and a taxi strike among others, that disrupted the capital city of Santiago in the summer of 1973, shortly before Mr. Allende was over thrown by a military coup. Normally winters are hard and people would stock up in summer time but now the summers are hard too. He added that there were now long lines in front of stores selling such necessities as overshoes and blue jeans. Most had their entire lives mortgaged into their expensive rigs and had the most to lose from the embargo. The people within the Emhassy, the sources said, felt that they were engaged in a kind of warfare, the people either were with you or against you when it came to Allende., There were a lot of people lit Santiago on the far right who were essentially dedicating their lives to theoverthrow of Allendeit was like a holy war, the source said. Also threatened are the metal, mechanical, electric and wood industries, which employ 115,000 workers. (AFP via Getty Images) . Acceptance among the different trucking associations was slow, but by February 11, with the feds threatening to send in troops, most rigs rolled back onto the road. You've got to understand that he [Allende] was taxing them [the middleclass] to death., The official noted that the policy toward Chile, authorized by the 40 Committee, had been the subject of intense debate in the Nixon Administration. The official described the Administration's policy in Chile as a failure. Near Blakeslee, his tank reached empty. President Salvador Allende Gossens declares that, on the contrary, many of the truckers demands have been satisfied despite the country's great shortage of foreign currency and that their main objective is to overthrow the Socialist government. SANTIAGO (Reuters) - Chile's president Sebastian Pinera on Friday insisted that truck drivers will not be allowed to block major highways while they strike to protest attacks on them . Start new topic; Recommended Posts. An anti-government demonstrators confronts a soldier in front of Congress in Valparaiso, Chile, Oct. 25, 2019. SV Truck being towed away. Observers point out that farm production was already declining because of confusion caused by land seizures under the agrarian reform program. This driver was refused service. SANTIAGO, Chile, Monday, Aug. 13 (Reuters)The Chilean Government yesterday appointed 25 military commissioners in a move aimed at breaking a 17day strike by truck owners that is a serious. Is Linked to Strikes In Chile That Beset Allende, https://www.nytimes.com/1974/09/20/archives/cia-is-linked-to-strikes-in-chile-that-beset-allende-intelligence.html. READ MORE: Bigfoot v. USA-1: The Birth of Monster Truck Madness. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. Reports with less sensitive information were forwarded through the normal State. The official report on the walkout, published by the National Office of Planning, said that half of the country's more than 40,000 trucks were off the road. In October 1972, the main Chilean truckers' union went on strike. They are protesting against the growing crime rates and increase in toll rates on their routes, They blocked arterial routes early in the morning before dispersing with the promise of a larger blockade if the Chilean . (a) In their 8 Oct 1973 issue, "Newsweek" reported 2,796 bodies in the Santiago morgue. In August, 1973, a newspaper in Santiago, Ultima Hora, accused the United States of having financed both the truck strike in the fall of 1972 and a strike then in progress. All of the sources interviewed by The Times insisted that the policies regarding the clandestine financing of trade groups and unions had been established and approved by the 40 Committee. Seguel, 29, was thrown in jail. Jack. Nonetheless, the sources also conceded that some agency funds inevitablyas one high official put it could have filtered to the truckers union thereafter. Thousands of Chileans were subsequently tortured, jailed and killed by the military dictatorship. He pointed out that it was the Government's move to establish a pilot state trucking company in Aysen that had set off the October strike. Demonstration by Wives By MARVINE HOWE Special to The New York Times. The report said that 80 per cent of the country's industries were still running despite shortages of fuel and raw materials. The Times's sources, while readily, acknowledging the intelligence agency's secret support for the middle classes, insisted that the Nixon Administration's goal had not been to force an end to the Presidency of Mr. Allende. For long-haul drivers, time lost meant money lost, and oil geopolitics had made Edwardss $12,000-a-year job even more precarious. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! A different opinion about the ultimate goals of the Administration's policy was provided in an interview by a source who served a number of years in Chile. managed to steady the ship and get the country on track despite the October strike. SANTIAGO (Reuters) - Chilean truckers went on strike on Thursday in protest over violence affecting them in the country's restive Araucania province and the slow progress through congress of. The sources depicted the general involvement of the intelligence agency with the labor unions and trade groups as part of a broad effort to infiltrate all areas of Chile's govern. An agreement between government officials and a six-man team of truckers was finally reached on February 7, 1974 that allowed owner-operators to add a temporary 6 percent fuel surcharge to their freight fees and guaranteed that truck stops would receive additional fuel to meet trucker demand. J.W. . A strike by Chile truckers is hitting exports of salmon, fruit, meat and wine from the South American food producer to the United States, Europe and Asia, trade groups told Reuters on Tuesday. Vote. C.I.A. The OPEC embargo accelerated the CBs popularity, mostly because it allowed drivers to share places to find motion lotion. Freight was smuggled into Chicago in school buses. SANTIAGO, Chile, Aug. 5Aysen is rough country, nothing but fjords, mountains and sharp valleys, where winters are five months long and a man has to be independent and work hard if he wants to get ahead, Homar Chible Bergogne says. One troubling failure during the latter part of Mr. Allende's power, the sources said, was the agency's inability to infiltrate the Movement of the Revolutionary Left, or the M.I.R., the major revolutionary group outside the Allende coalition. SV Guards outside Presidential palace 1.04 9. https://www.nytimes.com/1973/08/13/archives/chile-acts-to-end-truckers-strike-appoints-military-officials-to.html. By 1973 Chile's economy was in shambles. Meanwhile, the Government continued behindthescenes efforts to reach an agreement with the National Confederation of Truck Owners and bus and taxi associations, who demand guarantees that the transport industry will not be taken over by the state. Anyone can read what you share. Mental and political life. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. Seventeen Fathoms Deep: The Saga of the Submarine S-4 Disaster. And despite the violence and disruption, truckers emerged into American consciousness as gritty, colorful folk heroes. With talks between President Allende and Opposition leaders stalemated, the truck strike appears likely to continue, labor sources said. The authorities, according to the confederation, have not kept their pledge to make available 2,700 new trucks, new tires, and $4million in spare parts, as well as to review trucking rates and introduce a law to guarantee that trucking remains in the private sector. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. . The strikes had caused about 100,000 layoffs, several deaths and nationwide food and goods shortages. SANTIAGO (Reuters) - A strike by Chile truckers is hitting exports of salmon, fruit, meat and wine from the South American food producer to the United States, Europe and Asia, trade groups told . of the Chilean Truck Owners Association called for his associates all over the country to stop work. 2022 A&E Television Networks, LLC. During those briefings, which were before the Senate Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs and the House Armed Services Subcommittee on Intelligence, Mr. Colby sought to emphasize, the sources said, that the C.I.A. As CBs and slang like 10-4, good buddy gained wider popularity, the lore of the dissident trucker took hold in pop culture, from the Smokey and the Bandit film franchise to 1975s chart-topping novelty song Convoy, which depicted a fleet of antihero drivers battling the bears. Ironically, it had taken a slowdown for independent truckers to progress down the road toward recognition. 's cash could have had a local impact of more than $40million. The Christian Democratic party too has insisted on giving the armed forces an effective say in the Government. 's direct strike subsidies for unions and trade groups were initiated in 1972, after Mr. Davis, a specialist on Eastern Europe, was assigned as Ambassador. Edwards was beyond frustrated and scared for his livelihood. In December 1975, the Swedish ambassador, sympathetic to the Left, estimated 15,000 killed (Roxborough et al., p. 238). Our target was the middleclass groups who were working against Allende., The whole point of this is that covert action provides a 1 per cent impetus for something that the people want anyway, he said. began to pull back on its clandestine commitments in Chile late in the spring of 1973, when there were almost weekly reports of an impending coup. The nationwide strikes lasted three days, with the federal government initially shrugging off the problem to the states. On 26 July 1973, truckers began another of their strikes, and they crippled commerce. 24 August, 2020 SANTIAGO On Aug. 23, the national truckers union announced an indefinite national strike starting Thursday, Aug. 27. SV Allende and officials talking (3 shots) 1.02 8. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Presidential palace 0.53 7. The official added that it was awfully hard to maintain control over, local field operatives, particularly when large sums of cash were involved. Leftwing newspapers have accused the United States of financing the truckers strike and the antiGovernment campaign in the opposition news media in an attempt to carry out an economic coup d'etat.. The electoral victory of the Unidad Popular, Salvador Allende's first year in office, the October 1972 truckers' strike, the President's concession to the military of key cabinet posts, . truck Striker in Chile Says Issue Is Freedom, https://www.nytimes.com/1973/08/06/archives/truck-striker-in-chile-says-issue-is-freedom-fear-state-takeover.html, Marvine Howe Special to The New York Times. Business and professional associations have threatened to join the truckers, as they did last year, but have not yet done so. The plotting officers within the Armed Forces are hoping that the truck owners' strike scheduled for 26 July will be postponed until the council has an opportunity to complete its counter-insurgency plan which could be used as the basis for a coup d'tat. The commissioners, one for each of the country's provinces, are empowered to requisition vehicles and if necessary use soldiers to seize them. 'Divide. How a Postal Strike Became a National Emergency for Richard Nixon, Bigfoot v. USA-1: The Birth of Monster Truck Madness, Sunken Gold: A Story of World War I, Espionage and the Greatest Treasure Salvage in History. It was a very brutal policy., So our idea was to prevent this from working and money was the way to go, the official said. To keep as many trucks as possible idle, zealous protestors harassed and sabotaged nonparticipating operators, slashing tires, shooting vehicles and in one instance stabbing a driver. Until then, lawmakers had only heard from the very largest trucking companies, shippers and organized labor, said OOIDAs Spencer: People in Washington, D.C. had no idea who all these small-business truckers really were in 1973that they even existed.. However, the damage is not so great because the movement is not general by any means. Project Cybersyn was based on viable system model theory approach to organizat Most of the protests were peaceable, but in Ohio, the governor deployed the National Guard to remove trucks by force and use tear gas to disperse recalcitrant drivers. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. In testimony today before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Secretary of State Kissinger asserted that the intelligence agency's involvement in Chile had beeen authorized solely to keep alive political parties and news media threatened by Mr. Allende's minority Government. GV and SV Police firing tear gas at . Truck drivers protest by cutting off the highway 5 in Pillanlelbun, Temuco, Chile on August 27, 2020. They were dispersed by police. United States relations with the Chilean military during 1970-1973 must be viewed against the backdrop not only of the tradition of close cooperation between the American and the Chilean military services and the continuing intelligence collection efforts, but also in the context of Track II -an attempt to foment a military coup. The report emphasized the serious social consequences of the strike. The CIA gave more than $8 million to Allende's political opponents, strengthened ties with the Chilean military, and subsidized a national truck drivers' strike as well as an employers' lock-out of workers. A number of sources also explained that the Central Intelligence Agency, by using the Chilean black market, was able to increase the basic buying power of the $7million estimated to have been spent on clandestine efforts between 1970 and 1973. READ MORE: How a Postal Strike Became a National Emergency for Richard Nixon. The governor of Minnesota had . The carabineros moved in when the women refu: ed to leave. . He emphasized that while he was firmly opposed to state trucking concerns, he felt that the country's underground resources should belong to the state. In a civilized country; the C.I.A. Our goals were longer term, he said, in an allusion to the official Ford Administration position now that the agency's objective had, been to prevent the possible establishment of oneparty Government by Mr. Allende. See the article in its original context from. [This figure was later found exaggerated, a count of deaths from all sources since the beginning of 1973 -- Davis, p. 368]. Some leaders met with truckers. However, he feels that he can no longer afford to take a 20day vacation, as he used to do. SANTIAGO (Reuters) - A strike by Chile truckers is hitting exports of salmon, fruit, meat and wine from the South American food producer to the United States, Europe and Asia, trade groups told . On September 9,1973,1 was eating lunch at Da Carla, an Italian restaurant in Santiago, Chile, when a colleague joined my table and whispered in my ear: "Call home immediately; it's urgent." At the time, I was serving as a clandestine cia officer. There was concern in the C.I.A. A militant in the Christian Democratc party, Mr. Chible considers himself a gremialista, an association man first. Mr. Davis, then the Ambassador, refused to comment. It forecast the loss of 50 per cent of farm production, particularly in milk, poultry and cereals. SANTIAGO, Aug. 12The new militarybacked Government of President Salvador Allende Gossens today moved toward a showdown with the truck owners. These people were increasingly seen at the embassy in 1972 and 1973., At the time, he added, just putting some resources at their disposal alone would be enough.. See the article in its original context from. The striking truckers maintain the industry is totally paralyzed. The Confederation of Retail Merchants joined their strike . Mr. Chible showed deep distrust of President Allende's Popular Unity Government. MTO. They said that the majority of more than $8million authorized for clandestine C.I.A. The truckers have demanded Mr. Faivevich's dismissal as a condition to any settlement The Government has rejected this demand as blackmail," but there have been private talks to try to circumvent the Faivovich case without either side's losing face. You've got to understand what was going on, the official added. By Marvine Howe Special to The New York Times. What we're afraid of is that the Government wants to make trucking a state enterprise, Mr. Chible said. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. During the Fuel Crisis before gasoline sales were regulated by the state, a dealer in 1973 pumped gas only to his regular customers.
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